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sus_climate_normals() retrieves 30-year climatological normals from the Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology (INMET) for one of three reference periods (1961-1990, 1981-2010, 1991-2020). It loads the variable catalogue from the bundled normal_meta.parquet dictionary—with transparent disk caching and automatic fallback download—then fetches each selected variable's Excel file from the INMET portal, parses the decade-level monthly structure, and returns a tidy long-format climasus_df.

Usage

sus_climate_normals(
  period = "1991-2020",
  target_var = NULL,
  cache_dir = "~/.climasus4r_cache/normals",
  use_cache = TRUE,
  lang = "pt",
  verbose = TRUE
)

Arguments

period

Character. Reference climatological period. One of "1961-1990", "1981-2010", or "1991-2020" (default).

target_var

Character vector of var_code values to download (e.g. c("t_max", "precipitation")). NULL (default) downloads all variables available for the selected period. Run sus_climate_normals_meta() to inspect the catalogue.

cache_dir

Character. Local directory for disk-cached files. Default: "~/.climasus4r_cache/normals".

use_cache

Logical. If TRUE (default), loads from and saves to cache_dir. Set to FALSE to force a fresh download.

lang

Character. Message language: "pt" (default), "en", "es".

verbose

Logical. Print progress messages. Default TRUE.

Value

A climasus_df object at stage "climate" and type "normals", tidy long format with columns:

codigo

Character. INMET station identifier.

nome_estacao

Character. Station name.

uf

Character. Brazilian state abbreviation.

mes

Character. Month name (Portuguese, lower-case ASCII).

decada

Character. Decade within month ("1", "2", "3").

valor

Numeric. Climatological normal value.

var_code

Character. Variable identifier from normal_meta.

variable_pt

Character. Variable label in Portuguese.

variable_en

Character. Variable label in English.

period

Character. Reference period (e.g. "1991-2020").

Public-health and environmental relevance

Climate normals serve as the climatological baseline against which observed exposures are compared in epidemiological studies:

  • Heat-health: temperature normals reveal chronically hot municipalities for heat-wave attribution and heat-related mortality studies.

  • Precipitation extremes: wet-day and dry-spell normals support flood and drought exposure assessments linked to diarrhoeal disease, leptospirosis, and waterborne outbreaks.

  • Vector-borne diseases: humidity and temperature normals define the climatic envelope of Aedes mosquito habitat, informing dengue, chikungunya and Zika risk mapping.

  • Relative-risk baselines: DLNM models built with sus_mod_dlnm() require a reference exposure; normals provide the station-level climatological mean for that reference.

  • Vulnerability indices: combined with sus_mod_vulnerability_index(), normals quantify chronic exposure as an IPCC hazard pillar component.

Examples

if (FALSE) { # \dontrun{
# Full 1991-2020 normals (all variables)
normals <- sus_climate_normals(period = "1991-2020")

# Only temperature variables
temp_normals <- sus_climate_normals(
  period     = "1991-2020",
  target_var = c("t_max", "t_min", "t_mean_comp"),
  lang       = "pt"
)

# Browse available variables first
meta <- sus_climate_normals_meta(period = "1991-2020")
} # }